What Gets Measured
Every speed test produces a comprehensive set of metrics. Here is what each one means and why it matters for your website's performance.
Time to First Byte (TTFB)
TTFB measures how long it takes for a browser to receive the first byte of data from your server after making a request. A slow TTFB usually points to server-side issues such as slow database queries, insufficient caching, or an overloaded host. Aim for under 200 milliseconds.
Full Load Time
This is the total time from the initial request to the page being fully interactive. It includes downloading all resources — HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, fonts, and third-party scripts. A fully loaded page in under 3 seconds is considered good for most websites.
Page Size
The total weight of all resources downloaded to render your page. Smaller pages load faster, consume less bandwidth, and perform better on mobile networks. Images are typically the largest contributor to page size, making image optimisation one of the highest-impact improvements you can make.
HTTP Requests
Every file your page needs — each image, stylesheet, script, and font — requires a separate HTTP request. More requests mean more round trips between the browser and server, which slows down loading. Reducing the number of requests through bundling, lazy loading, and eliminating unnecessary resources can significantly improve performance.
SSL Handshake
Before any data is transferred over HTTPS, the browser and server perform an SSL/TLS handshake to establish a secure connection. This adds latency to every new connection. Modern protocols like TLS 1.3 and HTTP/2 reduce this overhead, but misconfigured SSL can still add hundreds of milliseconds to your load time.
Redirect Chain
When a URL redirects to another URL, which may redirect again, each hop adds a full round trip of latency. Redirect chains are common when migrating domains, switching to HTTPS, or using URL shorteners. Eliminating unnecessary redirects ensures users and search engines reach your content as quickly as possible.